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Effect of yoga therapy on quality of life and exercise tolerance in patients with COPD.
Nováková, Růžena ; Wanke, Ondřej (advisor) ; Smolíková, Libuše (referee)
This thesis deals with the effect of yoga therapy on exercise tolerance, quality of life, dynamic lung parameters, respiratory muscle strength and mental state of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The aim of this thesis is to summarize the existing knowledge about the effect of yoga and yoga therapy on the health status of COPD patients, to develop a proposal for a specific yoga therapy, to elaborate this therapy into a patient information material and to verify its effect practically in a case study of a COPD patient. The theoretical part deals with the basic principles of yoga, description of COPD, development of a summary of current knowledge on the effect of yoga therapy on the health status of patients with this disease and design of a specific yoga therapy. The practical part is presented in the form of a case report of a COPD patient who underwent a 13week yoga intervention. The objective methods of assessing the success of the therapy are a six-minute walk test, anthropometric examination of chest dynamics, selected functional tests according to the Dynamic Neuromuscular Stabilization (DNS) concept, St. George Respiratory Questionnaire, COPD Assessment Test and quantification of breathlessness using a modified breathlessness scale Medical Research Council. The...
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Nursing care of the respiratory system
LINHARTOVÁ, Vendula
The topic of this bachelor thesis is nursing care related to the respiratory system and its diseases. Acute or chronic forms of disease may occur in any hospital units and it is important to know basic rules, treatments and best practices of taking care of the respiratory system. The theoretical part is focused on breath monitoring, application of inhalation preparations, Oxygenotherapy and maintain patency of respiratory system. It also describes hospital units involved in practical research. Two objectives have been set for this thesis. First, how often are nurses at departments of Internal medicine, Surgery and Pneumology in touch with respiratory system diseases, which diseases cause most cases of hospitalization, how these nurses take care of respiratory system and their best practices related to Oxygenotherapy, measuring oxygen saturation and inhalation. Second, what kind of information about respiratory system diseases is known to hospitalized patients and how they care about themselves. Empirical part of this thesis was performed in qualitative form, using semi-structured interview. The questions were divided into six categories: (1) frequency of appearance of respiratory disease; (2) breath monitoring; (3) central oxygen supply system; (4) inhalation; (5) airway suction; (6) education. Research group contains nine nurses with different qualification levels from three distinct hospital units and nine patients with different diagnosis of respiratory disease. The research reveals that there are almost no cases of respiratory disease at department of Surgery. On other hand, nurses at department of Pneumology are in daily touch with respiratory diseases and hospitalized patients belong to the Old age category (65+). Nurses also hardly even use Oxymeter, only in case of Acute deterioration, but they have good enough skills and knowledge of treatment methods and are fully capable to take care of patients' respiratory system.
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Densitometric determination of body composition in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Malinová, Barbora ; Kovařík, Miroslav (advisor) ; Hronek, Miloslav (referee)
Charles University in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biological and Medical Sciences Student: Barbora Malinová Supervisor of Diploma thesis: PharmDr. Miroslav Kovařík Ph.D. Title of diploma thesis: Densitometric determination of body composition in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the fourth leading cause of death in 2004 according to the WHO Global Burden of Disease Project and its morbidity and mortality worldwide is still increasing. Besides the lung function impairment, there are often described changes in body composition in COPD patients e.g. the skeletal muscle protein loss. The main aim of the study was determining the body composition by DEXA in patients diagnosed with COPD and comparing them with physiological values or studies dealing with this issue. On each patient was performed one examination, patients were coming after twelve-hour fasting. Average age was 66 ± 8 years. The amount of fat-free mass was not reduced. There was not therefore a loss of muscle tissue due to COPD. When evaluating total fat, we find that men have more fat than normal levels. This is also indicated by BMI that has been in the majority in the range of overweight and obesity. We did not confirm the link between COPD...
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Dynamics of thorax in patients with COPD, its influence through POWERbreathe
Chmelařová, Anna ; Smolíková, Libuše (advisor) ; Babková, Lenka (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and its influence on the musculoskeletal system, lung transplantation and pulmonary rehabilitation. It discusses the role of POWERbreathe, a breathing training device, which is primarily used to strengthen the inspiratory muscles. The practical part was performed as a randomized control pilot study to assess the effect of POWERbreathe on the strength of the inspiratory muscles, the thorax dynamics and selected pulmonary function. The aim of the study is to determine the benefits of using the POWERbreathe for COPD patients during the pre-transplant period. In total, 18 patients with COPD IV. grade participated in the study (6 women and 12 men) with an average age of 59.8 ± 5.53 years. Probands were divided into two groups, only one of which used a POWERbreathe. Pulmonary functions (FEV1, VCin, FVC, PIF), muscle strength (SIndex), and chest dynamics (chest disturbances in the mezosternal and xiphosternal region with maximum inspiration and exhalation and respiratory amplitudes in these areas) were evaluated. The results did not show a significant inter-group difference in the strength of the inspiratory muscles. Within pulmonary function, this difference was evident in the FEV1 parameter and the chest dynamics increased...
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Resting energy expenditure in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease II
Krčmářová, Veronika ; Kovařík, Miroslav (advisor) ; Hronek, Miloslav (referee)
Charles University in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biological and Medical sciences Student: Veronika Krčmářová Supervisor of master thesis: PharmDr. Miroslav Kovařík Ph.D. Title of master thesis: Resting energy expenditure in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease II The aim of this study was to compare the resting energy expenditure (REE) and nutritional substrate utilization among patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and control group. Previous studies have confirmed increased values of REE in COPD patients. On the basis of the increase of this parameter there was a loss of lean and muscle mass. The utilization of nutritional substrates in patients with COPD is not yet known. Our study by a total of 20 patients includes 11 patients with COPD, and 9 from the control group . The age of patients ranged from 55 to 71 years. Each patient was examined once. We determined the value of REE by indirect calorimetry and utilization of nutritional substrates. According to our results, there was an increase in REE in 82 % of patients with COPD, while only 33 % of patients from the control group was hypermetabolic. Comparing the results of REE between groups we observed REE increase by about 20 % in patients with COPD compared with the control...
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Body composition parameters in dependence on the metabolism degree in patients with COPD
Doleželová, Magdaléna ; Kovařík, Miroslav (advisor) ; Hronek, Miloslav (referee)
Charles University in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biological and Medical Sciences Student: Magdaléna Doleželová Supervisor of master thesis: PharmDr. Miroslav Kovařík, Ph.D. Title of master thesis: Body composition parameters in dependence on the metabolism degrese in patiens with COPD Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a very serious illness characterized by incompletely reversible airflow obstruction and lung emphysema. Contributes to its overall severity are extrapulmonary manifestations, especially cachexia and loss of lean tissue mass. Chronic inflammation of the respiratory airways and increased respiratory effort cause the hypermetabolic state to some patients with COPD. This thesis investigates the impact of increased metabolism on body composition in patients with COPD. Our study included 50 COPD patients (38 men, 12 women) who were examined by bioelectrical impedance. In this study, we compared the parameters of body composition of men with resting energy expenditure REE > 130% (hereinafter Men over 130%) (n = 9) and the group of men with REE < 130 % (hereinafter Men below 130 %) (n = 29). In the group of Men over 130 % we found a lower average value of body weight by 18 % compared to Men below 130 %. Total body and intracellular water were 12 %...
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Body schema in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Bartošová, Kristýna ; Smolíková, Libuše (advisor) ; Máček, Miloš (referee)
Diploma thesis "Body schema in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease" is an experimental work which deals with body schema perception. As a part of the thesis there are particular tests of body schema included, which examine difference between control group and group of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Research part of the work deals with current findings about body schema and with findings about chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. There is more detailed analyze of musculoskeletal questions in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease included. In an experimental part of the thesis there are comments on results of the body schema tests. The tests are focused on stereognosis, on position sense, on perception of self body size and on the ability to achieve isolated movement. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Resting energy expenditure in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Jenšík, Martin ; Kovařík, Miroslav (advisor) ; Hronek, Miloslav (referee)
1 Abstract Charles University in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biological and Medical Sciences Student: Martin Jenšík Supervisor of master thesis: PharmDr. Miroslav Kovařík Ph.D. Title of master thesis: Resting energy expenditure in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is step by step moving ahead in public and scientific interest due to its fast rising in mortality rate. Contemporary studies observed a phenomena that patients with COPD have increased resting energy expenditure (REE) that leads to loss of fat free mass and total weight. Our goal was to confirm or disprove this hypothesis. Our research ran in Department of research and development at University hospital Hradec Králové. In our study participated 30 patients, 26 men and 4 women, mean age 67 ± 8 let. Every patient was once examined after twelve-hour fasting. We determined REE and substrate utilization by method of indirect calorimetry. We confirmed increased REE from the average value of REE - 122 ± 14 % predicted by Harris - Benedict equation. None patient was hypometabolic, 7 were normometabolic and 23 hypermetabolic. Substrate utilization did not differ contrary to physiological values. Furthermore we discovered correlation among fat mass, fat free mass,...
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Importance of Postural Activation of the Diaphragm in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Švábková, Anna ; Havlová, Martina (advisor) ; Nováková, Petra (referee)
BACHELOR THESIS ABSTRACT The title of the work: Importance of Postural Activation of the Diaphragm in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Bachelor Thesis Abstract: This bachelor thesis on the topic of the postural activation of the diaphragm in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease consists of a theoretical and a practical part. The theoretical part includes a description of the physiology of breathing - breathing is considered a motoric function here. The theoretical part occupies itself with a description of kinesiology of breathing and the breathing pattern. A separate chapter is devoted to the diaphragm, its anatomy, and its postural breathing function. In this vein, the thesis presents the notion of the deep stabilizing system of the spine and the possibilities of affecting it therapeutically. Further, it defines the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, characterizes its effects, especially with regard to physiotherapy, and presents the possibilities for a complex treatment. As regards the complex treatment, the thesis focuses on the non-pharmacologic alternative, i.e. lung rehabilitation. It analyses in detail the topic of respiratory physiotherapy as one of the elements of lung rehabilitation. The list of tools of respiratory physiotherapy contains: corrective...
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Determination of body composition by bioelectrical impedance method in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Sehnalová, Lucie ; Kovařík, Miroslav (advisor) ; Hronek, Miloslav (referee)
Charles University in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biological and Medical Sciences Student: Lucie Sehnalová Supervisor of master thesis: PharmDr. Miroslav Kovařík Ph.D. Title of master thesis: Determination of body composition by bioelectrical impedance method in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one of the top leading causes of death and its morbidity and mortality worldwide is still increasing. Besides the respiratory symptoms there are often developed alterations in metabolism and body composition in COPD patients. Clinically important are mainly malnutrition and skeletal muscle protein loss. Especially if the respiratory muscles are affected, the lung function is negatively influenced. The main aim of this study was to compare the body composition between 15 patients with COPD 3rd and 4th stage and 9 patients of control group without respiratory impairment and comparable anthropometric characteristics (age, body height and weight). By means of bioelectrical impedance analysis we determined the composition of main body compartments. In patients with COPD was the mean amount of lean tissue of body weight (rel LTM) 47.2 ± 8.4 %, amount of fat mass (rel Fat) 37.8 ± 6.4 % and mean overhydration (OH) 0.31...
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